What causes influenza?

Influenza is caused by a virus, specifically the influenza virus, which is responsible for viral infections in humans. This virus targets the respiratory system and is known for its various strains, which can mutate over time, making it necessary for individuals to receive annual vaccinations to protect against different strains. Understanding that influenza is a viral infection is crucial because it influences treatment options; antiviral medications can be used to reduce the duration and severity of the illness, unlike bacterial infections that may require antibiotics. The nature of the influenza virus also explains why it can spread rapidly and cause seasonal outbreaks, as it can easily transmit between individuals in respiratory droplets. This understanding is essential for public health measures to control the spread of the virus, particularly during flu season.