Which of the following is a common disease caused by parasites?

The correct choice represents lice infestation, which is indeed a common disease caused by parasites. Lice are small insects that live on the scalp or body of a host and feed on their blood. They can cause itching and irritation as a result of their bites, and infestations can lead to secondary skin infections if the affected area is scratched excessively.

Malaria, while also a disease caused by parasites, is specifically transmitted by mosquitoes and affects the internal system rather than being an infestation like lice. Chicken pox is a viral infection characterized by a rash and is not caused by parasites. Athlete's foot is a fungal infection, which again does not align with parasitic diseases. Thus, lice is the most suitable answer in the context of common diseases caused by parasites.