Which type of cell coordinates and performs many functions in specific immunity?

Lymphocytes are a crucial component of the immune system, particularly in specific immunity, which is the body's targeted response to specific pathogens. There are two main types of lymphocytes: B cells and T cells. B cells are responsible for producing antibodies, which help neutralize pathogens, while T cells can directly attack infected cells and help orchestrate the immune response by coordinating other immune cells.

The role of lymphocytes extends beyond merely recognizing pathogens. They undergo a process of activation, proliferation, and differentiation to effectively mount a tailored response to specific infections. This specificity is vital for developing immunological memory, allowing the body to respond more efficiently to future infections by the same pathogen.

In contrast, the other choices do not perform coordinating functions in specific immunity. Pathogens are the harmful organisms that trigger the immune response; vectors are organisms that carry and transmit pathogens without being affected themselves; and antibodies are proteins produced by B cells as a result of lymphocyte activity targeting the pathogens. Therefore, lymphocytes are indeed the key players in coordinating and executing the functions critical to specific immunity.